ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
The "DeepSeek effect" and the adoption-integration gap of generative artificial intelligence in clinical practice: a national online convenience cross-sectional survey of academic critical care physicians in China.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The public release of DeepSeek marked a key turning point for generative artificial intelligence (GAI) uptake in China. This study assessed the so-called "DeepSeek effect" on Chinese academic critical care physicians (defined as clinicians with formal concurrent clinical, educational and research duties), comparing changes in self-reported GAI proficiency, clinical practice integration and structured training before and after the model's launch. Methods: We conducted a national online convenience cross-sectional study of two independent physician cohorts from Chinese tertiary hospitals: a pre-DeepSeek cohort surveyed in December 2024 ( Results: Self-reported GAI usage rose significantly from 64.7 to 94.1% after DeepSeek's release ( Conclusion: The "DeepSeek effect" drove near-universal GAI adoption, but revealed a stark adoption-integration gap with no corresponding gains in self-reported professional competence. Preliminary exploratory data suggest that multidimensional structured training may be a promising associated factor to bridge this gap. GAI implementation efforts must shift from promoting basic uptake to building structured training frameworks for safe, effective, critically appraised clinical integration.
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