Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42415311›Full record

ArticleEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2026

The Triglyceride-Glucose Index Combined With Obesity Indices and Lower Extremity Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Sex-Stratified Analysis.

Rong Zhang, Guilin Liu, Qian Cui, Dan Fang, Zhenzhen Sun, Xiaodong Chen, Rendong Zheng, Zhenxiu Gao, Xiaodan Yuan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rong ZhangSchool of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5366-8345
Guilin LiuSchool of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Qian CuiDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
Dan FangSchool of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Zhenzhen SunDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Xiaodong ChenDepartment of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Rendong ZhengDepartment of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Zhenxiu GaoSchool of International Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaodan YuanDepartment of Public Health, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-5705

Funding

Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ym2023048
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is highly prevalent among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China. This study aimed to investigate the associations of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its combinations with obesity indicators with LEAD in patients with T2DM, and to evaluate their ability to discriminate LEAD.

methodsA total of 2424 individuals with T2DM were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province between June 2018 and July 2022. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were used to evaluate the nonlinear associations of the TyG index and its combinations with obesity indicators with LEAD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to assess the association and discriminatory ability of these indices. Pairwise comparisons of AUCs were performed using the DeLong test, and Bonferroni correction was applied to adjust for multiple comparisons.

resultsRCS analysis revealed three distinct association patterns: TyG-BMI showed a positive linear association, the TyG index and TyG-WHR exhibited U-shaped associations, and TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR and TyG-NC demonstrated J-shaped associations with LEAD. In sex-stratified analyses, most indices showed positive linear associations in males, whereas nonlinear patterns were observed for multiple indices in females. Among all indices, TyG-BMI exhibited the highest discriminatory ability for identifying LEAD, albeit with a modest unadjusted AUC of 0.623. This discriminatory ability was more pronounced in males (AUC: 0.660) than in females (AUC: 0.539).

conclusionAmong the TyG-derived indices, TyG-BMI demonstrated the highest discriminatory ability for identifying LEAD in patients with T2DM, particularly in males; however, the discriminatory performance remained modest (AUC: 0.623). TyG-BMI may serve as a convenient tool for rapid LEAD risk stratification using routine clinical data to identify individuals requiring further vascular assessment.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Lower ExtremityObesityPeripheral Arterial DiseaseTriglyceridesAgedBody Mass IndexChinaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsROC CurveSex FactorsBlood GlucoseTriglycerideslower extremity artery diseaseobesitytriglyceride‐glucose indextype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID42415311
PMCPMC13341960

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.