ArticlePerioperative medicine (London, England)2026
Factors associated with catheter-related bladder discomfort and its correlation with urinary catheter-related pain after minimally invasive urological surgery: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Perioperative medicine (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCatheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) can significantly hinder patient recovery. Research on factors associated with CRBD following minimally invasive urological surgery under general anesthesia remains limited. Moreover, while urinary catheter-related pain (UCRP) has been recognized as a contributing factor to CRBD, the relationship between these two conditions remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with CRBD and to investigate the correlation between UCRP and CRBD severity after minimally invasive urological surgery, with the goal of informing clinical prevention and management strategies.
methodsA total of 150 patients who underwent minimally invasive urological surgery with indwelling urinary catheters under general anesthesia at the First Hospital of Jiaxing between October 2023 and August 2024 were included. Patient clinical data and information on the incidence and severity of CRBD were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with CRBD; Spearman 's correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between UCRP and CRBD severity.
resultsAmong the 150 patients, 95 experienced CRBD and 55 did not, yielding an overall incidence of 63.33%. Multivariate logistic regression identified male sex (OR = 3.848, 95% CI: 1.553-9.535, P = 0.004), endoscopic surgery (OR = 2.205, 95% CI: 1.017-4.778, P = 0.045), absence of postoperative analgesia (OR = 2.763, 95% CI: 1.273-5.997, P = 0.010), and UCRP score > 3 (OR = 2.446, 95% CI: 1.096-5.459, P = 0.029) as factors independently associated with CRBD. Spearman 's correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between UCRP and CRBD severity (r = 0.264, P = 0.001).
conclusionThis observational study reveals a high incidence of CRBD after minimally invasive urological surgery. Factors independently associated with CRBD include male sex, endoscopic surgery, absence of postoperative analgesia, and UCRP score > 3. Furthermore, UCRP severity was positively correlated with the severity of CRBD.
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