ArticleBMC nursing2026
Occupational challenges and coping strategies of public health nurses during home visits in the Ho Municipality of Ghana: a qualitative study.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe Primary Health Care (PHC) clinics conduct regular home visits to assess illnesses, monitor treatment adherence, and address non-compliance cases. These visits, led by public health nurses (PHN), involve face-to-face assessments of the home environment to enhance healthcare activities, reduce default rates, and improve treatment compliance. Despite these crucial services rendered, little is known about the various challenges these professionals encounter daily. This study explored the occupational challenges faced by public health nurses during home visits in the Ho Municipality and the strategies used to overcome them.
methodsA qualitative exploratory design was utilized to gain in-depth insights into the nurses' experiences. Thirteen public health nurses were recruited through purposive sampling. Data was collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
findingsFour main themes with 13 subthemes emerged from the data. The themes included: (1) encounters during home visits, highlighting challenges with patient engagement, environmental conditions, and cultural barriers; (2) hindrances such as lack of transportation, safety concerns, and resource limitations; (3) patient-centered strategies like active listening, empathy, and cultural sensitivity to improve patient compliance; and (4) staff-level strategies involving teamwork, peer support, and self-motivation to manage field-related stress.
conclusionThe study offers comprehensive insights into the challenges and coping strategies of public health nurses during home visits. Addressing these issues through targeted interventions, collaborative efforts, and emotional support is crucial to enhancing the effectiveness of home-based healthcare services. Improving resources, safety measures, and support systems for public health nurses could significantly improve healthcare delivery and patient outcomes in the community.
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