Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Etsubdink Alemayehu Sineshaw, Sefinew Alemu Mekonnen, Gashaw Getaneh Dagnaw, Abebe Tesfaye Gessese, Haileyesus Dejene

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis

In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Etsubdink Alemayehu SineshawDepartment of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-1671-6575

Sefinew Alemu MekonnenDepartment of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Gashaw Getaneh DagnawDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8773-2698

Abebe Tesfaye GesseseDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-5480

Haileyesus DejeneDepartment of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. haileyesus.dejene@uog.edu.et.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2196-9334

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a highly contagious viral disease causing significant economic losses in the global cattle industry. This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted from September 3 to November 7, 2024, estimated the pooled seroprevalence of IBR and identified associated risk factors in Ethiopia. Studies published between 2018 and 2024 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The search strategy employed Boolean operators, including: ("infectious bovine rhinotracheitis" OR "IBR" OR "bovine herpesvirus-1") AND ("epidemiology" OR "prevalence" OR "seroprevalence") AND ("risk factors") AND ("bovine") AND ("Ethiopia"). This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 9 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. The study quality was assessed using appraisal tools specifically designed for cross-sectional studies. A random effects model was used to estimate the pooled seroprevalence, and all statistical analyses were performed using R software. The pooled seroprevalence of IBR in Ethiopia was 42% (95% CI: 27.0%-57.0%). Considerable heterogeneity was observed among the included studies (I

Indexed as

Infectious Bovine RhinotracheitisAnimalsAntibodies, ViralCattleEthiopiaFemaleHerpesvirus 1, BovinePrevalenceRisk FactorsSeroepidemiologic StudiesAntibodies, ViralEthiopiaInfectious bovine rhinotracheitisPooled prevalenceRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID42414917

DOI10.1186/s12879-026-13942-y

PMCPMC13551789

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.