Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42414311›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

IL-6-induced C/EBPα drives follicular regulatory T cell differentiation to regulate humoral immunity in mice.

Haena Lee, Chan Johng Kim, Hyunsoo Ahn, Gayeon Cho, Sang-Hyeon Mun, Seung Won Kim, Hyung-Seok Choi, Dahun Um, Hyeongseop Kim, Haeun Ko and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Haena Lee *Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-7745
Chan Johng Kim *Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Hyunsoo AhnGraduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-1983
Gayeon ChoDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5478-7368
Sang-Hyeon MunDepartment of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2886-7664
Seung Won KimDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2591-0846
Hyung-Seok ChoiDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
Dahun UmDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
Hyeongseop KimDivision of Interdisciplinary Bioscience & Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-8810-8915
Haeun KoDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-0861
Jaegyun NohDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-0394
John Chulhoon ParkDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-2862
Hye Eun ParkDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
Amit SharmaDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8109-1690
Yoontae LeeDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-3087
Seung-Woo LeeDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-2463
Youn Soo ChoiDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Chang-Hee SuhDepartment of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6156-393X
Ji-Won KimDepartment of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
Tae-Kyung KimDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-9864
Cheol-Sang HwangDepartment of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0105-5957
Jong Kyoung KimDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0257-0547
Sanguk KimDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-3814
Sin-Hyeog ImDepartment of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea. iimsh@postech.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-1856

Funding

Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) RS-2021-NR060139Ministry of Education (Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea) 4120240315124Ministry of Health and Welfare (Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs) RS-2025-02183084National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) 2019H1A2A1077129National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) RS-2023-00260454National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) RS-2024-00345575National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) RS-2024-00413496
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells maintain immune homeostasis by suppressing excessive germinal center (GC) responses. However, the molecular mechanisms governing Tfr differentiation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a key regulator of Tfr generation. IL-6/IL-6Rα signaling promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg) into Tfr cells by inducing CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), which binds the Bcl6 and Cxcr5 promoters in Tfr cells. Treg-specific deletion of C/EBPα in mice impairs Tfr differentiation, resulting in hyperactive GC responses and exacerbated pathology in mouse models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and HDM-induced allergy. In humans, in silico perturbation of CEBPA in Tregs disrupts the Tfr differentiation trajectory. Furthermore, CEBPA expression in Tregs, but not total CD4

Indexed as

CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alphaCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding ProteinsCell DifferentiationImmunity, HumoralInterleukin-6T-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGerminal CenterHumansInterleukin-6 Receptor alpha SubunitLupus Erythematosus, SystemicMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutBcl6 protein, mouseCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alphaCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding ProteinsCEBPA protein, mouseCXCR5 protein, mouseInterleukin-6interleukin-6, mouseInterleukin-6 Receptor alpha SubunitProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6Receptors, CXCR5

Identifiers

PMID42414311
PMCPMC13473125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.