Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42412224›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026

Long-term outcomes after resting full-cycle ratio and deferral of revascularization.

Stephan Nienaber, Jakob Wind, Philipp Lake, Victor Mauri, M Adam, Karl Finke, Henning Guthoff, Stephan Baldus, Marcel Halbach, Hendrik Wienemann

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Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Stephan NienaberDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. stephan.nienaber@uk-koeln.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-7549
Jakob WindDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Philipp LakeDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Victor MauriDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
M AdamDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Karl FinkeDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Henning GuthoffDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Stephan BaldusDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Marcel HalbachDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Hendrik WienemannDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-hyperemic pressure ratios are recommended to assess intermediate coronary lesions. Evidence on outcomes after deferral of revascularization based on resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) remains limited.

objectiveThis study aimed to assess clinical outcomes over 2 years following revascularization deferral guided by RFR.

methodsWe analyzed 773 patients with 1012 intermediate coronary lesions undergoing RFR assessment between 2016 and 2022 at the University Hospital Cologne resulting in revascularization deferral. Lesions were stratified into three RFR groups: < 0.93, 0.93-0.95, and > 0.95. The primary endpoint was the 2-year incidence of major cardiac adverse events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke.

resultsPatients presented with silent ischemia (35.4%), stable (30.9%) or atypical angina (20.1%), and unstable angina (13.6%). Over 2-year MACE occurred in 8.1% of lesions and 7.8% of patients, while death of any cause was documented in 86 patients (11.1%). MACE were similar across RFR groups, though target-vessel revascularization and target-vessel ischemia-driven revascularization were more frequent in patients with RFR < 0.93 (HR, 3.14 [95% CI 1.35-7.30, p = 0.008 and 2.42 [95% CI 1.01-5.84], p = 0.048). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, age, peripheral artery disease, atrial fibrillation, diffuse coronary disease, and heavy calcification were associated with 2-year MACE.

conclusionsIn this all-comers cohort, the 2-year MACE-rate after RFR-guided deferral was 8.1%. Higher revascularization rates in lesions with RFR ≤ 0.93 suggest the need for further evaluation, especially in the presence of high-risk features.

Indexed as

Coronary artery diseaseCoronary physiologyInvasive coronary angiographyNon-hyperemic pressure ratiosResting full-cycle ratio

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.