ArticleProceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)2026
Evaluating the rising incidence of infant botulism and the heterogeneous distribution of cases in Texas in the wake of the November 2025 outbreak.
Article in Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfant botulism is a rare, life-threatening neuroparalytic illness. Its rapid progression necessitates early clinical detection and prompt treatment to prevent respiratory failure. Its rising national and regional incidence trends were evaluated and analyzed with a focus on epidemiology within the public health regions (PHR) in Texas and recent outbreaks affecting the state.
methodsA retrospective analysis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Botulism Surveillance System (2000-2021) and Texas Department of State Health Services reports (2006-2023) was performed. Incidence rates, incidence rate ratios (IRR), and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Poisson-based statistical methods.
resultsThe overall incidence of IB in the US has been on the rise from 2000 to 2021 (annual IRR 1.042; 95% CI 1.035-1.048;
conclusionThe rising incidence and recent industrial outbreak highlight the need for increased clinical suspicion, particularly in PHRs 4, 9, and 10, as well as stricter regulatory oversight of infant formula supply chains.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.