3D Printing of Magnetic Soft Materials for Functional Structures and Devices.

Shouyi Yu, Yingbo Yan, Mei Chen, Xingjian Huang, Liuchao Jin, Rong Wang, Kun Zhou, Qi Ge

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shouyi YuShenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.

Yingbo YanMOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Mei ChenSingapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7749-2175

Xingjian HuangShenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.

Liuchao JinShenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-1922

Rong WangShenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.

Kun ZhouSingapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Qi GeShenzhen Key Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8666-8532

Funding

Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province 2019QN01Z438National Natural Science Foundation of China 12472152

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Magnetic soft materials (MSMs) have garnered widespread attention due to their advantages in wireless control, rapid response, and programmable anisotropy. Magnetically programmed MSM structures and devices have found extensive applications in fields such as miniature robots, biomedical engineering, and flexible electronics. However, their further development faces significant challenges in manufacturing, especially the need to create complex three-dimensional (3D) structures with full degrees of freedom (DoFs) magnetic programming. Traditional manufacturing approaches and 3D printing followed by post-magnetic programming face multistep workflows, limited programming freedom, and restricted filler selection. Magnetic field-assisted 3D printing (MF3DP) addresses these limitations by coupling fabrication with in situ magnetic programming, enabling the direct manufacturing of MSM structures with programmable magnetic fillers orientations. In this paper, we first introduce magnetic materials, matrix materials, and their composites, focusing on their fundamental properties and response mechanisms. Then, we review traditional manufacturing approaches and 3D printing, followed by post-magnetic programming. Next, we systematically review MF3DP technologies, providing a comprehensive discussion of magnetic field sources, field integration strategies, magnetic programming mechanisms, programming capabilities, and overall manufacturing performance. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and prospects of 3D printing of MSMs.

Indexed as

3D printingmagnetic field‐assisted 3D printingmagnetic programmingmagnetic soft materials

Identifiers

PMID42411612

DOI10.1002/adma.74024

PMCPMC13449131

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.