ArticleMedicine2026
Comparative efficacy of interventions for jaundice in hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A retrospective analysis using the Mayo staging system.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 3 jaundice reduction methods in patients with intermediate or advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) at different Mayo stages. Clinical data from 223 patients with HCCA who underwent palliative jaundice reduction treatment were collected and analyzed retrospectively. A statistical analysis was conducted to compare the therapeutic effects, survival times, complications, and hospital stays of patients in the 3 groups with different Mayo stages. Survival curves were plotted for patients with different Mayo stages. There was no statistically significant difference in decreased liver enzyme and bilirubin levels among the 3 patient groups after surgery (P > .05). For patients at Mayo stages I and II, the median survival time for those who underwent palliative surgery was longer than for those who underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) or endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) (P = .001 and P < .001, respectively). For patients at Mayo stages III and IV, however, there was no statistically significant difference in median survival time between the 3 groups (P > .05). There was also no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications in each group at every stage (P > .05). Hospital stays for the palliative surgery group were significantly longer than for the PTBD and EBD groups (P < .001). For HCCA patients in Mayo stages I and II, palliative surgical treatment should be prioritized. For patients at Mayo stage III, EBD treatment is more appropriate. For patients in Mayo stage IV with poor general health, PTBD is a more appropriate choice.
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