ArticleBMC nutrition2026
Nutrition knowledge and health belief model-based dietary perceptions among in-school female adolescents in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Article in BMC nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdolescence is a critical period for establishing dietary behaviours that influence immediate health, reproductive outcomes, and long-term risk of non-communicable diseases. Female adolescents are particularly vulnerable to poor nutrition due to increased biological demands and sociocultural constraints. Examining the relationship between nutrition knowledge and behavioural perceptions within a theoretical framework is essential for developing effective interventions.
methodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 290 in-school female adolescents aged 13-17 years in public and private secondary schools in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria. A pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge, and perceived dietary behaviour using the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework. Independent samples t-tests, Pearson's correlation, chi-squares test, and six parallel linear regression models were fitted one per HBM construct as the dependent variable with nutrition knowledge as the primary predictor and age, school setting, household income, and household size as covariates. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
resultsThe mean age of participants was 15.19 ± 1.05 years. Overall nutrition knowledge was moderate, with a mean score of 56.52 ± 13.26. Nutrition knowledge was positively associated with perceived severity, perceived benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy, and negatively associated with perceived barriers. Nutrition knowledge was not significantly associated with perceived susceptibility. In multivariate analysis, nutrition knowledge remained significantly associated with perceived severity (β = 0.196, η² = 0.041), perceived benefits (β = 0.179, η² = 0.033), perceived barriers (β = -0.344, η² = 0.118), cues to action (β = 0.286, η² = 0.083), and self-efficacy (β = 0.225, η² = 0.052), but not perceived susceptibility (p = 0.124).
conclusionsNutrition knowledge is significantly associated with HBM-based dietary perceptions among in-school female adolescents. Strengthened, theory-driven nutrition education, particularly in public schools, may reinforce favourable dietary cognitions theoretically linked to healthier eating practices.
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