Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42410401›Full record

Trial reportBMC women's health2026

How painful is Implanon NXT

Nik Asyraf Nik Azis, Mohamed S Zulfarina, Nurul 'Izzah Ibrahim, Alina Ali, Alia Syamim ZaharI, Norhalili Mohamad Tamiri, Aisyah Sulaiman, Ng Xue Min, Azura Abdullah, Isa Naina-Mohamed

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC women's health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nik Asyraf Nik AzisDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, 20400, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-7188-0271
Mohamed S ZulfarinaPharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-6943
Nurul 'Izzah IbrahimPharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-9486
Alina AliNational Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) Sarawak, Pusat Keluarga LPPKN Sarawak, Lot 3593, Blok 14, Salak Land District, Jalan Sultan Tengah, Kuching, Sarawak, 93050, Malaysia.
Alia Syamim ZaharINational Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) Selangor, Pusat Kasih Keluarga, LPPKN Shah Alam, Jalan Sempadan 16/7, Seksyen 16, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40702, Malaysia.
Norhalili Mohamad TamiriNational Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) Sabah, No.6 Lot 54 & No.7 Lot 55, 5, Lorong Ikan Juara, Sadong Jaya, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88000, Malaysia.
Aisyah SulaimanNational Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) Johor, Pusat Keluarga LPPKN Negeri Johor, No.29-37, Jalan Bestari ¼, Taman Nusa Bestari, Skudai, Johor, 81300, Malaysia.
Ng Xue MinNational Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN), No 12B, Jalan Raja Laut, Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, 50350, Malaysia.
Azura AbdullahNational Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN) Pulau Pinang, Pusat Keluarga LPPKN Pulau Pinang, No. 8875, Jalan Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
Isa Naina-MohamedPharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia. isanaina@hctm.ukm.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-2423

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo determine and compare the pain relief between Acetaminophen, Mefenamic Acid and Diclofenac Sodium in participants who had just had Implanon NXT

methods129 healthy female participants were recruited from four clinics prior to Implanon NXT

resultsThe Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) for Diclofenac Sodium group is 1009 mm VAS, for Mefenamic Acid group is 446 mm VAS, for Acetaminophen group is 296 mm VAS, and for Control group is 58 mm VAS. Kruskal Wallis ANOVA indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the Pain Intensity Differences on Day 2 (PID2) assigned to the "Mefenamic Acid" group and "Control" group (p = 0.021, adjusted significance (Bonferroni's) p = 0.013). The ANCOVA indicated that, after accounting for the effects of different baseline pain intensities at the beginning of the study, there was a statistically significant effect of drugs used on Pain Intensity Difference Day 2 (PID2), p = 0.024, partial ƞ2 = 0.07. Post-hoc testing revealed that the participants in the Mefenamic Acid group reported higher Pain Intensity Difference on Day 2 (PID2) than the Control group.

conclusionAll oral analgesics demonstrated a reduction in pain score. Based on this limited study, the most suitable analgesic for pain management post Implanon NXT

trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered with the Thai Clinical Trial Registry: TCTR20260331002 ( https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20260331002) on 31st March 2026.

Indexed as

AcetaminophenAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalContraceptive Devices, FemaleDesogestrelDiclofenacMefenamic AcidPainPain ManagementAdultAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticFemaleHumansPain MeasurementYoung AdultAcetaminophenAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDesogestrelDiclofenacMefenamic AcidAnalgesicsContraceptionImplanon NXTPain Management

Identifiers

PMID42410401
PMCPMC13644250

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.