Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42410015›Full record

ArticleNature ecology & evolution2026

A catastrophic marine mortality event caused by a complex algal bloom including the brevetoxin producer Karenia cristata.

Shauna A Murray, Christopher J S Bolch, Steve Brett, Cheong Xin Chan, Mark Doubell, Hazel Farrell, Greta Gaiani, Hannah Greenhough, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Tamsyne Smith-Harding and 15 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature ecology & evolution, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Shauna A MurraySchool of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Shauna.Murray@uts.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1307
Christopher J S BolchSchool of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-2391
Steve BrettMicroalgal Services, Ormond, Victoria, Australia.
Cheong Xin ChanAustralian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-8176
Mark DoubellSouth Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Hazel FarrellBiosecurity and Food Safety Division, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Taree, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0890-7953
Greta GaianiSchool of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2219-8145
Hannah GreenhoughCawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1905-5349
Gustaaf HallegraeffInstitute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-7343
Tamsyne Smith-HardingMicroalgal Services, Ormond, Victoria, Australia.
D Tim HarwoodCawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-5979
Robert G HatfieldCentre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0613-5151
Neil MacDonald, Seaford Meadows, South Australia, Australia.
Ian MoodySouth Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Hugo Bastos de OliveiraSouth Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-6368
Lesley RhodesCawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.
Anne RoltonCawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-2969
Andrew I SelwoodCawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.
Justin R SeymourClimate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Nachshon SiboniClimate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-0949
Anastasiia SnigirovaFlinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1521-0601
Nikola Streiber, Seaford Meadows, South Australia, Australia.
Craig StyanSchool of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-782X
Clinton WilkinsonDepartment of Primary Industries and Regions, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Kirsty SmithCawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3241-4147

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Harmful algal blooms of Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae) are a global anomaly, occurring in one location worldwide, causing severe marine and acute human impacts via brevetoxins (BTXs). During 2025 an unprecedented mass marine mortality occurred in South Australia, across an area of ~20,000 km

Indexed as

DinoflagellidaHarmful Algal BloomMarine ToxinsOxocinsAnimalsPolyether ToxinsSouth AustraliabrevetoxinMarine ToxinsOxocinsPolyether Toxins

Identifiers

PMID42410015

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.