ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026
Testicular seminoma: clinical, imaging, and histologic features in nine horses.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Testicular Disorders in Equids: A Case Series.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTesticular seminomas in horses are infrequently reported in the veterinary literature and long-term survival and metastatic potential are not well documented. HYPOTHESIS/
objectivesDescribe the clinical, imaging, and histologic features in 9 horses with testicular seminoma. ANIMALS: Medical records of 9 horses diagnosed with testicular seminoma at a referral hospital between 2000 and 2024 were reviewed.
methodsHorses were included if seminoma was confirmed on histopathology from biopsy or necropsy. Information retrieved included signalment, history, clinical pathology, ultrasonographic findings, treatment, and outcome.
resultsMedian age was 18 years (range, 8-26). Three of 9 horses presented for systemic disease (colic, 2; ventral edema, 1). All 3 had large abdominal masses palpable on rectal examination and were euthanized after diagnostic evaluation. Six horses presented for unilateral testicular enlargement (5) or cryptorchid castration (1). These horses underwent castration and the removed testes had features of malignancy with lymphatic neoplastic emboli. Five of 6 horses were euthanized between 4 months and 3 years after castration because of acute weight loss and abdominal masses identified on rectal examination or ultrasonographic examination, attributable to metastatic spread. One additional horse was euthanized for unrelated reasons. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Horses presented with testicular enlargement and diagnosis of testicular seminoma should undergo diagnostic screening, including transabdominal or transrectal ultrasonographic examination to determine the presence of possible metastasis. Negative screening results at the time of diagnosis do not rule out the possibility of metastasis, and frequent screening at regular intervals is prudent in such cases. Horses with testicular seminoma of retained or descended testicles have a poor long term prognosis because of high potential for metastatic spread.
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