ArticleJournal of public health (Oxford, England)2026
Exploration of factors mediating the effect of socioeconomic deprivation on rates of childhood stunting in Sefton: an ecological analysis.
Article in Journal of public health (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChildhood height is an important indicator of child health. Stunting is associated with poor health outcomes, with consistent socioeconomic inequalities seen. This study aims to generate hypotheses for causal mechanisms through which socioeconomic deprivation leads to stunting.
methodsA multiyear cross-sectional study using National Childhood Measurement Programme data from 2013/2014 to 2022/2023 in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, and ecological exposures for hypothesised mediators. We used logistic regression models to estimate the effect of socioeconomic deprivation on stunting rates and generate hypotheses for causal pathways.
resultsThere was a significantly higher odds ratio for stunting in the most deprived quintile compared to the least deprived in children aged 4-5 years (1.60; 95% CI 1.10-2.35) and 10-11 years (2.02; 95% CI 1.28-3.25) after adjustment for confounders. In children aged 10-11 years 75.3% of this effect was attenuated when hypothesised mediators low birth weight, preterm birth, breastfeeding rates, food insecurity and healthcare access, were included; this result was not statistically significant. No attenuation was demonstrated in children aged 4-5 years.
conclusionsThis research shows an association between socioeconomic deprivation and higher stunting rates in Sefton, which was non-significantly attenuated after adjustment for hypothesised mediators in children aged 10-11 years.
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