ArticleBrazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]2026
Antimicrobial susceptibility, molecular characterization and multilocus sequence typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with subclinical mastitis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Haryana, India.
Article in Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is characterized as inflammation of mammary gland with absence of clinical signs. S. aureus, one of the principal causes of disease is known for production of various virulence factors, including enterotoxins, biofilm production and antibiotic resistant genes. Therefore, the present study was carried out with the objective of molecular characterization for various virulence associated genes, antibiogram profile, and MLST typing of S. aureus from milk samples from various districts of Haryana state of India. In our study, milk samples from 1154 quarters affected with subclinical mastitis (by CMT) subjected to isolation of Staphylococcus spp. yielded 519 isolates. Of them, 352 isolates were identified as S. aureus by targeting 23 S rRNA gene by PCR. Various genes possessed by these isolates were: (13.35%) mecA (methicillin resistant gene), (11.64%) biofilm formation gene icaD, (11.36%) biofilm formation gene icaA, and (9.37%) toxic shocks syndrome gene (tsst). Enterotoxin genes detected were: sec in (8.52%), sea in (8.23%), sed in (4.54%), seb in (2.84%) and see in (1.7%). Exfoliative genes etb and eta were detected in (3.97%) and (3.12%) isolates, respectively. Antimicrobial sensitivity assay revealed sensitivity in descending order to gentamicin, doxycycline, sulfisoxazole, neomycin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, vancomycin, clindamycin, linezolid, cefoxitin and least susceptible to oxytetracycline. The finding of 'Multilocus Sequence Typing' (MLST) showed high diversity of sequence types and clonal complex of S. aureus isolates.
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