Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42406065›Full record

ArticlePediatric cardiology2026

Association of Race and Ethnicity with the Diagnosis and Management of Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern in Children.

Mathew Hakimi, Ivor B Asztalos, Alexis Z Tomlinson, Antara Mondal, Ramesh V Iyer, Maully Shah, Chandra Srinivasan, Victoria L Vetter, Christopher Janson

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mathew HakimiDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. hakimim@chop.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0836-9182
Ivor B AsztalosDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Alexis Z TomlinsonDepartment of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Antara MondalDepartment of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ramesh V IyerDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Maully ShahDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Chandra SrinivasanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Victoria L VetterDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Christopher JansonDivision of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are limited data on the impact of race/ethnicity on diagnosis/management of children with Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern (WPW). Investigate if detection of WPW by electrocardiogram (ECG) and risk stratification by exercise stress test (EST) and electrophysiology study (EPS) differ by race/ethnicity in children. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients 0-21 years old, excluding those with congenital heart disease, using ECG, EST, and EPS databases at a children's hospital. The primary exposure was race/ethnicity. Outcomes were (1) detection of WPW pattern on ECG, (2) completion of EST, and/or (3) EPS. Likelihood and time to outcome were assessed with multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression, respectively, adjusted for birth year. Of 1,683,746 patients born between 1991 and 2021 and seen between 2010 and 2021, WPW pattern was detected in 898. Adjusting for birth year, Asian, Black, and Other race were associated with lower odds of WPW detection compared to White patients (OR 0.57, 0.66, 0.70; p ≤ 0.01). 616 WPW patients underwent EST, with Hispanic race having a lower odds of undergoing EST compared to White patients (OR 0.59; p ≤ 0.05). 739 WPW patients underwent EPS, with Black, Hispanic, and Other race having lower odds of EPS compared to White patients (OR 0.44, 0.53, 0.59; p ≤ 0.05). Non-White racial/ethnic groups had lower odds of ECG detection of WPW pattern. Among WPW patients, minority groups had lower odds of undergoing EST and EPS compared to White patients. Disparities may exist in referral or access to EST/EPS.

Indexed as

Access to careChildrenPediatric electrophysiologySocial determinants of healthWolff-Parkinson-White

Identifiers

PMID42406065

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.