ArticleInvestigative and clinical urology2026
The double-decker technique for transurethral water vapor therapy (Rezūm) in catheter-dependent patients: A step-by-step guide and results from a prospective registry.
Article in Investigative and clinical urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeRecent work by our group demonstrated that a treatment cycles per unit prostate volume (CPV) ratio >0.15 significantly improves outcomes in transurethral water vapor therapy (Rezūm) for catheter-dependent patients. Prostates have highly variable morphology and the treatment planning approach in Rezūm is not well reported. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe double-decker technique, which conceptually divides the prostate into anterior and posterior 'decks', is detailed step-by-step and illustrated in the supplementary video. The outcomes of double-decker technique versus conventional technique were compared in a prospective registry of men with refractory retention undergoing Rezūm.
resultsAmong 144 catheter-dependent patients, 102 underwent the conventional technique and 42 were treated with the double-decker technique. Baseline characteristics were comparable. The double-decker technique had a higher mean CPV (0.204 vs. 0.132, p<0.001) with more injections (10.4 vs. 6.7, p<0.001). This was associated with a significantly greater percentage reduction in prostate volume at three months (34.3% vs. 26.1%, p=0.029) and a superior International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) at one year (3.70 vs. 8.13, p=0.041). Multivariable regression showed that the double-decker technique was associated with a lower one-year IPSS (coefficient: -4.86, p=0.045). There was no significant difference in 30-day readmission rates (4.8% vs. 12.7%, p=0.145).
conclusionsThe double-decker technique in Rezūm is a systematic and reproducible method to optimize prostate volume shrinkage in catheter-dependent patients. It shows promise with better one-year IPSS and greater prostate volume shrinkage against the conventional technique. Prospective and randomized studies are warranted to confirm its advantage against conventional field-of vision-based technique.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.