ReviewJPRAS open2026
The efficacy of botulinum toxin treatment in facial palsy: A systematic review.
Review in JPRAS open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Facial palsy, characterized by the partial or complete paralysis of facial muscles, poses significant challenges to individuals' quality of life due to its functional and psychological impacts. Botulinum toxin (botulinum toxin) injections have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for managing facial palsy, but the extent of their efficacy across various etiologies and the duration of treatment effects warrant further investigation. Objective: This study aims to systematically assess the efficacy of botulinum toxin injections in treating facial palsy, including subjective assessments, long-term follow-up, and evaluation of adverse effects. Methods: A systematic review following the PRISMA Guidelines was conducted by searching four major databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase. A total of 394 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2013 and 2024 were initially identified for screening. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 studies were selected for detailed analysis in this review. Results: The analysis revealed a significant improvement in facial symmetry, reduction in spasticity, and enhancement of functional outcomes following botulinum toxin injections for facial palsy. Subjective assessments indicated patient satisfaction, with sustained treatment effects observed during long-term follow-up. Adverse effects were generally mild and transient. Conclusion: Botulinum toxin injections demonstrate promising efficacy in treating facial palsy, offering improvements in facial symmetry and functional outcomes. Long-term follow-up confirms sustained treatment effects, while adverse effects remain manageable. This study underscores the potential of botulinum toxin therapy as a valuable intervention for individuals with facial palsy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.