ArticleJID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health2026
High-throughput, multiplex immunofluorescence for the computer-automated immunophenotyping of Mycosis Fungoides.
Article in JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The diagnosis of mycosis fungoides is difficult and often delayed, exacerbated by the limitation of conventional immunohistochemistry to analyze only 1 antigen per tissue section, often necessitating repeat biopsies and extensive workups. We sought to validate a high-throughput multiplex immunofluorescence method, coupled with computer-automated image analysis, to generate comprehensive immunophenotyping data from a single formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy. We applied an 11-biomarker multiplex immunofluorescence panel across 18 archived skin specimens (9 mycosis fungoides/TCR clonality positive and 9 control/TCR clonality negative). Initial validation confirmed that multiplex immunofluorescence antigen expression and spatial localization were concordant with those of sequential immunohistochemistry-stained sections. Whole-slide image stacks were analyzed using both computer-assisted and computer-automated pipelines. Both methods successfully delineated immunophenotypic differences. Mycosis fungoides specimens showed a significant expansion of hematopoietic cells, atypical T-lymphocytes, and proliferative T-lymphocytes when compared with controls. Our results validate the potential of multiplex immunofluorescence to obtain comprehensive, high-dimensional diagnostic information from a single tissue section. Integration with computer-automated analysis offers a scalable, high-throughput platform that can significantly aid in the timely and accurate diagnosis of cutaneous lymphomas.
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