Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42403439›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of preventive cardiology2026

Association of rheumatoid arthritis with major adverse cardiovascular events despite normal myocardial perfusion imaging.

Bailey A Frohlich, Jacqueline M Pires, Ioannis Kyrakoulis, Catherine X Wright, Ibolya Csecs, Ahmed I Ahmed, Xaviar Jones, Menachem M Jacobs, Monique Hinchcliff, Edward J Miller and 1 more

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Article in American journal of preventive cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Bailey A FrohlichDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Jacqueline M PiresSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Ioannis KyrakoulisFaculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Catherine X WrightSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Ibolya CsecsSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Ahmed I AhmedDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Xaviar JonesDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Menachem M JacobsDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Monique HinchcliffSection of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Edward J MillerSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.
Attila FeherSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06410, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is recognized as a cardiovascular risk-enhancing condition. Whether a normal myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) study confers similar prognostic reassurance in RA as in non-RA patients remains unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 282 patients with RA and 282 matched controls without autoimmune disease who underwent SPECT or PET MPI. Matching included age, sex, cardiovascular comorbidities, and stress modality. The primary outcome (MACE) was a composite of cardiovascular-specific mortality, myocardial infarction, late revascularization, or heart failure hospitalization. Multivariable Cox regression and interaction testing between RA and ischemia were performed. Results: Over a median follow-up of 4.0 years, 95 MACE occurred. Rates of reversible perfusion defects were similar between groups, although coronary artery calcification (CAC) was more prevalent in RA than controls (67% vs. 56%, Conclusions: In patients referred for stress MPI, RA confers excess cardiovascular risk independent of inducible ischemia and CAC. A normal MPI does not identify a low-risk RA subgroup, supporting aggressive preventive strategies even when perfusion imaging is normal.

Indexed as

AutoimmuneCardiovascular riskCoronary artery calcificationIschemiaMyocardial perfusion imagingPositron emission tomographyRheumatoid arthritis

Identifiers

PMID42403439
PMCPMC13329586

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