ArticleJournal of periodontal research2026
The Journey of Oral Hygiene: The Past, the Present, the Future.
Article in Journal of periodontal research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This narrative review traces the evolution of personal oral hygiene from antiquity to the present, examining the shift from rudimentary tools to evidence-based, technologically advanced systems. Historical developments were reviewed alongside current clinical research, including systematic reviews and professional guidelines (e.g., EFP S3-level), to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and behavioral aspects of oral hygiene practices. Oral hygiene has progressed from ancient chewing sticks to modern powered toothbrushes and interdental devices. While manual toothbrushes remain effective, oscillating-rotating and sonic technologies offer more plaque reduction and better gingival outcomes. Interdental cleaning has increasingly favored interdental brushes over dental floss, though rubber picks and oral irrigators provide effective and patient-preferred alternatives. Dentifrices have evolved from simple abrasives to vehicles for fluoride, antimicrobial, and other therapeutic agents. Despite these innovations, oral disease persists, largely due to discrepancies between perceived and actual brushing behaviors, including inadequate duration and technique. Optimal gingival health continues to depend on the quality and consistency of self-performed mechanical plaque removal. Emerging technologies and sustainable, eco-friendly materials may enhance compliance and accessibility, yet they cannot replace professional instruction or habit formation. Future strategies should prioritize personalized, evidence-based oral care that balances clinical efficacy, environmental sustainability, and equitable access.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.