Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42401956›Full record

ArticleJournal of intensive care2026

Longitudinal immune-inflammatory profiles and mortality in older adults with sepsis: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Xianwen Wang, Miaomiao Fu, Chunhui Li, Jialin Jin, Na Cui, Xuelian Liao, Zhanwen Wang, Zhihong Zuo, Qihang Huang, Lina Zhang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of intensive care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xianwen WangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Miaomiao FuDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Chunhui LiNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Jialin JinDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
Na CuiDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Xuelian LiaoDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Zhanwen WangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Zhihong ZuoDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Qihang HuangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Lina ZhangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. zln7095@csu.edu.cn.
Zhaoxin QianDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. xyqzx@csu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-7840

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2009800Prevention and Control of Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases National Science and Technology Major Project 2025ZD01902504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOlder adults are at high risk of sepsis, but the immune-inflammatory features distinguishing sepsis from nonsevere infection and their prognostic relevance remain incompletely defined. We aimed to characterize immune-inflammatory profiles across the older adult infection spectrum and evaluate their longitudinal association with in-hospital mortality.

methodsIn this multicentre prospective observational cohort, 1,851 participants aged ≥ 60 years were enrolled, including healthy controls, patients with nonsevere infection, and patients with sepsis. Immune-cell subsets, cytokines, complement components, and routine laboratory indices were assessed. Adjusted cross-sectional comparisons were performed using multivariable linear regression. Among patients with sepsis, model-estimated longitudinal profiles from intensive care unit (ICU) day 1 to day 7 were analysed using linear mixed-effects models among available scheduled measurements, and day-1 biomarkers associated with in-hospital mortality were evaluated using Cox regression.

resultsThe cohort included 524 healthy controls, 511 patients with nonsevere infection, and 816 patients with sepsis. Across the infection spectrum, sepsis was characterized by progressively lower circulating lymphocyte, T-cell, cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8

conclusionsIn older adults, sepsis was associated with an adjusted circulating immune-inflammatory pattern characterized by lower cellular immune markers and higher cytokine levels. This separation was evident on ICU day 1 and remained observable among patients with available follow-up measurements. Given the observational design, these associations should not be interpreted as causal.

Indexed as

CytokinesImmune dysfunctionLymphopeniaNatural killer cellsOlder adultsSepsis

Identifiers

PMID42401956
PMCPMC13501803

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