ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2026
Exploring the interplay of maternal anemia and BMI in determining low birth weight among rural Indian children: evidence from NFHS-5.
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundLow birth weight (LBW) is a serious global health issue that is indicative of an increased risk of newborn illness and mortality. LBW refers to a newborn weighing under 2,500 g (5.5 pounds) at birth, primarily due to either poor fetal growth, premature labor, or both. It is more prevalent in low and middle-income countries than in high-income countries.
methodsThe entire study has been completed with the help of secondary data collected from the NFHS-5 of India, a cross-sectional national representative survey conducted from 2019 to 2021. In this study, the low birth weight of children is considered as an outcome variable. Based on previous research, various socio-economic and demographic variables were selected in this study. This study used Pearson's chi-square statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression to identify the association between low birth weight of children and maternal anemia and BMI (Body Mass Index). And descriptive statistics is also performed to analyze the data.
resultsThe result shows that there is significant association between the maternal anemia and BMI with the occurrence of low birth weight. It is found that the occurrence of low birth weight is higher among severely anemic women and underweight women. Additionally, the prevalence of LBW is high among those women who use cigarettes and tobacco, and those children of multiparity, are female children, and are from central, western, and northern regions.
conclusionSo, it can be said that maternal anaemia and BMI is correlated with the prevalence of low birth weight among children. Hence, implementing appropriate interventions for pregnancy care and ensuring well-planned nutrition can significantly alleviate the challenges associated with LBW in India.
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