ArticleJournal of eating disorders2026
Cystatin-C outperforms creatinine for estimating renal function in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: cross-sectional method-comparison study.
Article in Journal of eating disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIndividuals with anorexia nervosa are at increased risk of renal impairment, but assessing renal function in this population remains challenging. Cystatin-C, which is less affected by nutritional status than creatinine, may provide a more reliable biomarker. However, equations based on cystatin-C (CKiD‑U25, EKFC, and CKD-EPI) have not yet been evaluated against isotopic scintigraphy in individuals with anorexia nervosa.
objectiveThis study aimed to compare the performance of creatinine-based and cystatin-C-based equations (CKiD-U25, EKFC, CKD-EPI) against 99mTc-DTPA renal scintigraphy as the reference standard in adolescents with restrictive anorexia nervosa.
methodsGlomerular filtration rate was measured using renal scintigraphy and estimated with creatinine-based and cystatin-C-based equations. Serum cystatin-C and creatinine were measured at hospital admission (day 0), whereas renal scintigraphy was performed as soon as feasible after admission (mean of 5 days), in adolescents with restrictive anorexia nervosa. Correlation coefficients, mean bias, root mean square error, and Bland-Altman plots were assessed.
resultsAcross all equations, cystatin-C-based formulas consistently outperformed creatinine-based ones in terms of correlation, bias, and precision. The CKiD-U25 using cystatin-C equation showed the strongest correlation with renal scintigraphy (r = 0.77; bias = - 11.5 mL/min/1.73 m
conclusionsAt admission for restrictive anorexia nervosa, cystatin-C-based equations, particularly the CKiD-U25, demonstrate superior agreement with renal scintigraphy compared to creatinine-based equations, making cystatin-C-based equations more reliable in this context.
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