ReviewNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026
Telemedicine for headache disorders in real-world practice: from patient experience to health system impact.
Review in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundTelemedicine has expanded rapidly in neurological care and is increasingly applied to headache management to improve access and continuity of follow-up. However, patient experience and healthcare system impact in real-world practice remain insufficiently explored.
objectiveThe objective of this narrative review is to evaluate clinical effectiveness, patient experience, and healthcare system impact in the management of headache disorders.
methodsA narrative review of the literature was conducted, including randomized controlled trials, observational studies, real-world evidence contributions, and reviews addressing telemedicine in headache care. Evidence was synthesized thematically, focusing on clinical outcomes, patient acceptance, and implementation aspects.
resultsAvailable evidence supports the clinical effectiveness and safety of telemedicine in selected headache patients, particularly in non-acute settings and structured follow-up pathways. Outcomes assessed using validated instruments (HIT-6, MIDAS, VAS) are generally comparable to in-person visits. High patient satisfaction and willingness to continue telemedicine are consistently reported, mainly due to convenience and time and cost savings. Real-world studies suggest telemedicine may improve access to specialist care and optimize healthcare resource utilization, although challenges related to digital literacy, organizational requirements, and equity remain.
conclusionsTelemedicine is a valuable component of contemporary headache management when integrated into structured clinical pathways. Beyond clinical effectiveness, patient experience and organizational context are critical for successful implementation. Future research should focus on standardized care models, larger populations, and long-term real-world outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.