Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2026
Moderate altitude-mimicking CO-induced inhibition of hemoglobin oxygen binding decreased middle-distance swimming speed in male national-level swimmers.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePerformance in endurance sports is generally linked to aerobic capacity, but this link is less clear in swimming due to its technical complexity and constricted breathing periods. Here, we studied the effect of a moderate acute reduction in blood oxygen transport capacity on middle-distance swimming performance.
methodsIn a double-blind, randomized crossover design, national-level swimmers (6 men, 6 women; 20 ± 2 years; FINA score 604 ± 105) completed two 200 m front crawl swimming time-trials (TT) on average six days apart, either 30 min after rebreathing moderate (men: 1.5 ml·kg
resultsHbCO was ~ 9% in CO and ~ 3% in SHAM. Analysis at the group level showed 1.5 ± 1.6% longer TT times in CO than in SHAM in men (136.6 ± 6.5 vs. 134.5 ± 6.2 s; p = 0.018), whereas there was no significant difference in women. The average increase in blood lactate during TT (10.5-13.5 mmol·l
conclusionWe observed a small negative effect of moderate acute hypoxemia on middle-distance swimming speed in male national-level swimmers, which will have a limited impact on a population basis but can be highly important for an individual competitive swimmer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42397570What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.