ArticleAnnals of hematology2026
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a multicenter retrospective study in Greece.
Article in Annals of hematology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aims to characterize treatment patterns for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in real-world clinical practice across Greece focusing on both treatment-naïve and relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease. We evaluated therapeutic patterns and outcomes [including overall survival (OS), time to next treatment or death (TTNT-D) and overall response rate (ORR)] and documented the incidence of other malignancies of patients who initiated first-line treatment between 2010 and 2024.
methodsThis is a panhellenic multicenter retrospective study of patients diagnosed with CLL between 2010 and 2020 from 8 centers in Greece.
resultsOverall, 1318 patients were included in the study. Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab (FCR) was the most common first-line regimen (21.6%), followed by chlorambucil plus rituximab (16.3%) and ibrutinib-based therapies (14%). In the R/R setting, ibrutinib and venetoclax-based treatments, became the predominant therapeutic choices after 2014, replacing chemoimmunotherapy. Shifts in treatment patterns before and after 2016 reflected the incorporation of targeted agents into routine clinical practice, with a marked decline in FCR use and increased adoption of targeted therapies. Median OS was 162 months from diagnosis and 105.2 months (95% CI: 90.3-116.3) from first treatment. In patients receiving ibrutinib as first-line therapy, mOS was not reached, and median TTNT-D was 67.3 months. Overall, 18 (1.4%) cases developed a second hematological malignancy and 59 (4.5%) were diagnosed with a solid tumor. The most common hematological malignancy was myelodysplastic neoplasms and the most common solid tumors included lung, skin, breast, colon and prostate cancers.
conclusionThe findings suggest a gradual shift in CLL treatment patterns in Greece, with targeted agents increasingly replacing traditional chemoimmunotherapy in recent years and showing favorable survival outcomes.
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