Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42397038›Full record

ArticleJournal of paediatrics and child health2026

Impact of Access to Pasteurised Donor Human Milk on Rates of Necrotising Enterocolitis in Neonatal Units in Australia: A Cohort Study.

Laura D Klein, Kei Lui, Abrar A Chughtai, David A Osborn, Robert Guaran, Andrew J McPhee, Ulrike Brandenberg, Ian Callander, Lisa H Amir, Christine Sulfaro and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of paediatrics and child health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Laura D KleinAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7287-8029
Kei LuiDivision of Newborn Services, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia.
Abrar A ChughtaiSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
David A OsbornRPA Newborn Care, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-7400
Robert GuaranLiverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Australia.
Andrew J McPheeDepartment of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
Ulrike BrandenbergNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
Ian CallanderLiverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Australia.
Lisa H AmirJudith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2510-1399
Christine SulfaroAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.
Richard BrownAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.
David O IrvingAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-0686
Veronica HoadAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-3661
Joanne PinkAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.
Vanessa CliffordAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.
Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network

Funding

Baxter International FoundationDepartment of Health and Aged Care, Australian Government 4-EML85BJ
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimIn 2018, a pasteurised donor human milk (PDHM) service was established within Australia's national blood service, Lifeblood, and subsequently expanded to a national service. Before 2018, five milk banks operated in Australia, but most infants admitted to Australian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) still did not have access to PDHM. This study aimed to compare infant outcomes before and after Australian NICUs had access to an assured supply of PDHM from Lifeblood.

methodsCohort study utilising Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network data for infants born < 32 weeks' gestation admitted to 15 NICUs across Australia over a 3-year period (2018-2020; n = 4395 infants). The primary study factor was NICU access to an assured supply of PDHM from Lifeblood. Neonatal outcomes were compared in periods with "PDHM available" versus "PDHM not available". The primary outcome was the proportion of infants born < 28 weeks' gestation who developed NEC. Secondary outcomes included duration of parenteral nutrition, retinopathy of prematurity, infection, death, length of stay, weight at discharge, and breast milk feeding at discharge.

resultsAfter adjusting for confounding risks, NEC relative risk was 38% lower for infants born < 28 weeks' (aRR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46-0.83) when Lifeblood PDHM was available. Weight at discharge (2828.8 vs. 2939.56 g, p = 0.001) was lower when PDHM was available. Breast milk feeding at discharge, infections and death were not associated with PDHM availability.

conclusionsReliable access to PDHM was associated with reduced risk of NEC for infants born < 28 weeks' gestation in Australian NICUs.

Indexed as

Enterocolitis, NecrotizingIntensive Care Units, NeonatalMilk BanksMilk, HumanPasteurizationAustraliaCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureMaleNew Zealand

Identifiers

PMID42397038
PMCPMC13617227

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.