Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42396519›Full record

ArticleResearch square2026

Granzyme A-expressing Terminal Effector T Cells Dedifferentiate into Long-lived Memory T Cells.

Nu Zhang, Chaoyu Ma, Wei Liao, Saranya Srinivasan, Chenhui He, Kenneth Fan, Tyng-An Zhou, Courtney Segura-Cepero, Heetanshi Jain, Sahana Jayakumar and 2 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nu ZhangUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.ORCID 0000-0001-9695-210X
Chaoyu MaThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
Wei LiaoDepartment of Dermatology, Hunan Children's Hospital.
Saranya SrinivasanUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Chenhui HeUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Kenneth FanUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Tyng-An ZhouUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Courtney Segura-CeperoUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Heetanshi JainUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Sahana JayakumarUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.
Weiguo CuiNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.ORCID 0000-0003-1562-9218
Yu LuanUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio.

Funding

TISSUE CULTURE---COREP30CA054174 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Robin Jean Leach · 1991 to 2026
$59.1M
FACSAria Fusion cell sorter for Flow Cytometry Shared ResourceS10OD030432 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI BERTON, MICHAEL T · 2022 to 2022
$596k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA054174NIH HHS S10 OD030432
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Memory T cells are critical for vaccines and T-cell-based therapies. However, the differentiation path of memory T cells is not completely understood. Early bulk cell population-based studies support a linear model, in which effector T cells lose the effector program and dedifferentiate into memory T cells. Recent research supports a bifurcation model, where T cells choose one of the two paths, either the effector or the memory path, at an early stage of T cell responses. Terminal effector T cells lose the capacity to become memory T cells. Here, we first demonstrate that the expression of granzyme A is largely distinct from that of granzyme B and marks terminal cytotoxic effector CD8

Identifiers

PMID42396519
PMCPMC13321319

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.