Change in metabolic parameters in bipolar disorder: A retrospective-to-current evaluation design.

Background: There is limited longitudinal data on prevalence of metabolic disturbances in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Aim: To compare the prevalence of metabolic markers in patients with BD at two different times. Materials and Methods: The study participants were assessed at two time points and we used retrospective-to-current evaluation design. The International Diabetes Federation's Consensus Criteria were used to assess the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in seventy-four BD patients at baseline and at least a year following the baseline examination. Results: Participants had an average age of onset of 28.24 years and the mean age at the time of assessment at follow-up was 44.08 years. Most participants were men, from urban locality, married, and unemployed. Approximately one-third of the participants (37.8%) at the baseline assessment and 63.5% at the follow-up evaluation after about 4 years of baseline assessment met the MetS criteria. The most frequent metabolic abnormality was abnormal waist circumference (WC) at both assessments, and when compared to the baseline assessment, a follow-up assessment revealed a significant increase in weight, body mass index, WC, fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus was shown to have an annual incidence of 2.42%, and the same for hypertension was 5.05%, and and that for dyslipidemia was 4%. Conclusion: Over a 4-year follow-up, there has been a noticeable increase in the prevalence of metabolic parameters and MetS. All this demand careful observation and taking these things into account when selecting drugs.