ArticleBiosafety and health2026
Cellular miR-24-3p inhibits vaccinia virus replication by targeting kinesin-like protein KIF21B.
Article in Biosafety and health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) play diverse roles in numerous biological processes. miRNA-24-3p (miR-24-3p) has been reported to play an important role in viral infection. However, little is known about the involvement of miR-24-3p in persistent vaccinia virus infection. In this study, we discovered that vaccinia virus Western Reserve (VACV-WR) infection suppressed miR-24-3p expression. Delivery of synthetic miR-24-3p mimics into cells reduced viral genome replication, protein levels, and viral titers in VACV-WR-infected cells. Target prediction analysis identified KIF21B as a host target of miR-24-3p, and KIF21B deficiency significantly decreased VACV-WR replication and infection, suggesting that KIF21B is an important host factor facilitating VACV replication. Finally, in a VACV-infected mouse model, miR-24-3p was delivered using lipid nanoparticles (LNP), resulting in attenuated weight loss, higher survival rates, and lower viral loads, confirming that miR-24-3p overexpression significantly restricts VACV replication. In summary, our study demonstrates that miR-24-3p targets the host KIF21B sequence to coordinate suppression of VACV replication, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for VACV treatment.
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