Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42395645›Full record

ArticleBiosafety and health2026

The PABS system under the pandemic agreement: Current status, controversies in negotiations, and future trends.

Qiqi Li, Zhen Xu, Jingcheng Wu, Xueqi Jiang, Changping Liu, Ana Paula Arez, Wagida Anwar, Io Hong Cheong, Wiku Adisasmito, Carmen C Swanepoel and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biosafety and health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Qiqi LiChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing 102206, China.
Zhen XuChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing 102206, China.
Jingcheng WuZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Xueqi JiangChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing 102206, China.
Changping LiuChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing 102206, China.
Ana Paula ArezGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1099-085, Portugal.
Wagida AnwarDepartment of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
Io Hong CheongHainan International Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, Hainan 571434, China.
Wiku AdisasmitoFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
Carmen C SwanepoelDivision of Haematology, Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Services, Tygerberg Hospital, Parow 7500, South Africa.
Shuiling QuChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing 102206, China.
Juncai MaMicrobial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Zisis KozlakidisInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69366 CEDEX 07, France.
Qiang WeiChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing 102206, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) system, established under Article 12 of the WHO Pandemic Agreement, aims to promote timely sharing of pathogen materials and sequence information with pandemic potential while ensuring fair and equitable benefit-sharing. Proposed in response to inequities exposed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and limitations in existing arrangements, the PABS annex remains under negotiation within the Intergovernmental Working Group. This article analyses the institutional background, core design, and key areas of contention in the PABS system. It highlights three challenges: Defining key terms and scope, designing benefit-sharing and allocation mechanisms, and establishing operational and governance arrangements. It also proposes recommendations to strengthen clarity, feasibility, and institutional coherence for pandemic preparedness and response.

Indexed as

Multilateral mechanismPathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing (PABS) systemPathogen materials and sequence informationWorld Health Organization (WHO) Pandemic Agreement

Identifiers

PMID42395645
PMCPMC13323553

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.