SynthesisFrontiers in public health2026
Human-to-human transmission of leptospirosis: a global systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Leptospirosis is typically transmitted when persons are exposed to infected animals or contaminated environments. Human-to-human transmission is currently reported non-systematically, and has unknown public health implications. Methods: Therefore, literature searches were performed on Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant publications. Clinical data describing the index and secondary cases were extracted and the evidence strength was assessed. Results: The search yielded 10,658 results, and 27 publications covering 34 suspected reports were included. Strong evidence ( Discussion: Human-to-human leptospirosis transmission may play a role in leptospiral epidemiology and lead to clinical cases, especially through vertical spread. However, no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission was found as there was no record of infections beyond the secondary cases. Public health systems in endemic areas should remain vigilant for these less-reported modes of transmission to safeguard health. Robust One Health surveillance is required to improve detection and awareness, reduce underreporting and improve disease control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.