ArticleAmerican journal of preventive cardiology2026
Obesity, metabolic health status, and adverse outcomes in men and women.
Article in American journal of preventive cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Metabolic healthy obesity: A window for early cardiometabolic prevention.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
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Abstract
Background: Metabolically healthy obesity account for approximately one-third of individuals with obesity and could affect up to 300million individuals worldwide. Whether this is a truly benign cardiometabolic phenotype as the name suggests is incompletely defined, leading to uncertainty regarding the optimal risk stratification and management strategies for these individuals. Objectives: To assess the sex-specific independent and joint associations of obesity and metabolic health status on cardiometabolic outcomes and death. Methods: A prospective cohort study of UK Biobank participants free from cardiovascular diseases and not underweight. Participants were divided by BMI into normal, overweight or obese, and the presence or absence of ≥1metabolic abnormality (hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidaemia). Exposures were assessed at baseline(2006-2010), with outcomes ascertained over a median follow-up of 12.9 years(IQR 12.6-13.3). Sex-specific outcomes were fatal or non-fatal atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD; a composite of coronary heart disease, ischaemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease), heart failure(HF), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD), end-stage renal disease(ESRD) and all-cause mortality. Multivariable-adjusted cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95 %CI. Results: Among 157,159 participants (mean age 56.5years [SD 8.2]; 55.6 % women), 24.2 % were obese and 68.2 % had ≥1 metabolic abnormality. Compared to normal BMI and no metabolic abnormality (reference group), obesity was associated with increased risk of ASCVD(HR 1.46, 95 %CI 1.24-1.73), HF(1.63,1.14-2.32), MASLD(2.37,1.22-4.61), all-cause mortality(1.36,1.10-1.69) but not ESRD in men Conclusions: Obesity Condensed Abstract: This prospective cohort study of over 1.9 million person-years follow-up demonstrates that obesity without metabolic abnormality increases the risk of ASCVD by 46 % in men and 34 % in women respectively, HF by 63 % and 69 %, MASLD by 137 % and 344 % and all-cause mortality by 36 % and 27 %, compared to those with normal BMI, with graded increase as severity of obesity increases. The presence of metabolic abnormality doubles event rates associated with obesity, with risk increasing with number of metabolic abnormalities present. These findings suggest that obesity
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