ArticleZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences2026
Psychological characteristic subtypes in adolescents with mental disorders and their associations with self-injury behavior and childhood maltreatment.
Article in Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesSelf-injury behavior is a prevalent mental health problem among adolescents. Childhood maltreatment is closely associated with the development of alexithymia, impulsivity, and self-injury behavior in adolescents and young adults with mental disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to classify psychiatric patients aged 12 to 24 years into psychological subtypes based on alexithymic and impulsive traits, to explore differences in self-injury behavior among these subtypes, and to examine whether different forms of childhood maltreatment are associated with specific psychological subtypes, thereby providing evidence for clinical intervention and prognosis improvement.
methodsClinical data of adolescents and young adults with mental disorders treated between 2021 and 2022 were retrospectively collected. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using 6 dimensions derived from the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS)-20 and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS)-11, including difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF), externally oriented thinking (EOT), attentional impulsiveness, motor impulsivity, and non-planning impulsivity. Principal components with eigenvalues (
resultsA total of 634 adolescents and young adults with mental disorders were included, among whom 459 (72.4%) had a history of self-injury behavior. The diagnostic distribution comprised depressive disorders (
conclusionsAdolescents and young adults with mental disorders can be classified into 3 distinct psychological subtypes based on alexithymia and impulsive traits. These subtypes differ in the prevalence and motivational characteristics of self-injury behavior, independent of clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, the development of different psychological subtypes may be associated with exposure to different forms of childhood maltreatment. These findings suggest that providing targeted emotional regulation and impulse-control interventions for adolescents exposed to specific childhood adversities may help reduce the occurrence and frequency of self-injury behavior.
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