SynthesisBMC oral health2026
Effect of bisphosphonates on orthodontic tooth movement: an umbrella review.
Synthesis in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBisphosphonates (BPs) are potent inhibitors of bone resorption widely used to manage metabolic bone disorders including osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and malignant bone disease. With a growing number of adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment while receiving BP therapy, understanding the interaction between these medications and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is of clinical importance.
objectiveTo synthesise the evidence from published systematic reviews on the effect of bisphosphonates on orthodontic tooth movement, orthodontic anchorage, and root resorption. MATERIALS AND
methodsA systematic search of MEDLINE via OVID, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO, and AMED was conducted up to 31st March 2026. Systematic reviews examining the effect of BPs on OTM, root resorption, or anchorage were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently performed selection, data extraction, and quality assessment using AMSTAR 2. Overlap across included reviews was assessed using a Corrected Covered Area (CCA) matrix. Within this umbrella review, animal and human evidence were synthesised separately.
resultsSeven systematic reviews were included, comprising one review of human patients and six reviews of animal studies, published between 2010 and 2025. The overall CCA was approximately 6.1%, indicating slight to moderate overlap. Two reviews were rated critically low and five were rated moderate on AMSTAR 2. All included reviews reported reduced OTM following BP administration. Risedronate showed the most consistent inhibitory effect in animal studies. One review conducted a meta-analysis and found BPs to be significantly more effective than osteoprotegerin in reducing mesiodistal OTM in animals. The human-focused review reported slower tooth movement and compromised outcomes in extraction cases. Evidence on root resorption was contradictory across reviews.
conclusionsAvailable evidence, derived predominantly from animal studies, consistently indicates that BPs reduce OTM. Human evidence remains very limited and is insufficient to support firm clinical recommendations. Well-designed prospective human studies are needed to clarify the clinical implications of BP use during orthodontic treatment.
trial registrationPROSPERO registration: CRD42023372111.
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