ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026
Trends in Breast and Axillary Operations in Young Patients with Operable Breast Cancer from the National Cancer Database (NCDB): De-escalation of Axillary Surgery and Increased Use of Radiation.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWomen aged ≤40 years with breast cancer have historically undergone overtreatment with extensive surgery. This study compares trends in breast and axillary operations in young patients with breast cancer over time and assesses for surgical de-escalation.
methodsWomen aged ≤40 years with stage I-III breast cancer who underwent surgery from January 2005 to December 2019 were identified from the National Cancer Database. Patients were divided into two groups to capture trends over time: the 2005-2009 cohort and the 2015-2019 cohort.
resultsIn total, 96,722 evaluable patients with a median age of 36.5 years (range 18-40) were identified. Compared with the 2005-2009 cohort (n = 44,497), the 2015-2019 cohort (n = 52,225) had a higher proportion of early-stage cancers and an increase in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (p < 0.001). For breast operations, partial mastectomies decreased significantly over time, from 40.8% to 30.2% (p < 0.001). The rate of nipple-sparing mastectomies increased from 0.3% to 9.5%, along with an increased use of reconstruction (p < 0.001). Axillary lymph node dissections (ALNDs) decreased over time, from 37.5% to 19.4% (p < 0.001), with a corresponding increase in the use of radiation (56.3% vs 57.4%, p < 0.001). This trend was pronounced in the node-positive cohort of 29,062 patients who underwent a mastectomy (ALND: 9392 [72.4%] vs 5967 [37.1%]; radiation: 7255 [59.0%] vs 11,757 [75.5%]; p < 0.001). The use of ALND decreased over time, regardless of timing of chemotherapy and type of breast operation (p < 0.001).
conclusionsIn young patients with stage I-III operable breast cancer, de-escalation of axillary surgery and increased use of radiation is demonstrated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42393416What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.