ArticleScientific reports2026
Synthesis, characterization, shelf life and optimization of process parameter of plasma-activated hydrogel production for Staphylococcus aureus Inhibition.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
An investigation optimized plasma-activated hydrogel (PAH) as a chemical-free antimicrobial for Staphylococcus aureus on animal skin, targeting antibiotic resistance and chronic wounds. Plasma-activated water (PAW) generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) that provide chemical-free antimicrobial activity, while PAH extends stability and improves application to irregular wound surfaces. A factorial design evaluated PAW treatment time (0-20 min) and hydrogel ratio (1:5-3:5) on oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and H₂O₂, with all tests in triplicate. Longer PAW exposure reduced ORP (385.97 to 278.90 mV) and lowered pH to 5.17, while both variables increased EC (up to 263.75 µS/cm), reflecting elevated reactive species and non-linear EC/ORP behavior. Optimal conditions were a 3:5 gel ratio with 20-minute PAW treatment, giving ORP 278.90 mV, EC 263.75 µS/cm, pH 5.325, and H₂O₂ 29.38 ppm. Kinetic studies showed slower H₂O₂ decay in PAH than in PAW, maintaining ~ 10.6 ppm after 4 weeks at refrigeration. Optimized PAH achieved approximately 9.5 log₁₀ CFU/mL S. aureus reduction, highlighting promising potential for veterinary wound care applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.