ArticleACS applied materials & interfaces2026
A High-Throughput Platform for Measuring and Predicting Vitrification Behavior in Multicomponent Aqueous Solutions.
Article in ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Cryopreservation depends critically on the suppression of ice formation by cryoprotective agents (CPAs), but limited data are available on the CPA concentration required for vitrification (Cv). Here, we introduce a high-throughput 384-well platform that integrates automated liquid handling, randomized plate layouts, and a binary-search strategy to rapidly determine Cv across hundreds of formulations. Relative to conventional methods, this approach increases throughput by ∼50-fold, compressing a year of measurements into 1 week, while markedly reducing manual labor. Across ∼200 CPA compositions, we demonstrate that environmental boundary conditions strongly influence vitrification behavior: plates sealed with silicone mats exhibited lower Cv than open plates, indicating that sealed configurations promote vitrification. Further, the data reveal a decrease in Cv with increasing CPA molecular weight, consistent with enhanced ice suppression by larger molecules. We also present a simple mixture model that accurately predicts Cv for a broad range of CPA formulations, including mixtures containing up to seven CPAs (
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