ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Case report: Recurrence of anti-myeloperoxidase pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis in a kidney transplant recipient; potential association with HLA antigens and seropositivity?
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Anti-myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO) antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis (AAV) manifests histologically as pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis. Recurrent anti-MPO AAV after transplantation is rare and poorly understood. In this report, we describe a case of early recurrence of anti-MPO AAV in the kidney allograft of a patient who shared potentially permissive HLA antigens with the donor and who had detectable anti-MPO antibodies post-transplantation. We also share our experience with 13 additional cases of anti-MPO AAV in the native kidney who underwent kidney transplantation but did not develop recurrent disease. Clinicopathologic correlates, focusing on the potential association with post-transplant anti-MPO levels and permissive HLA antigens in the donors and recipients, are discussed. This report provides a brief examination of the immunopathologic features of anti-MPO AAV in the kidney allograft and underscores the potential importance of close monitoring for disease recurrence in patients presumed to be at increased risk for such complication.
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