Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42389505›Full record

ArticlePediatric discovery2026

Association of Salivary Micro Ribonucleic Acid Levels With the Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Children.

Steven D Hicks, Dongxiao Zhu, Nirupama Kannikeswaran, Kathleen Meert, Wei Chen, Rhea Sullivan, Srinivasan Suresh, Usha Sethuraman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric discovery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Steven D HicksDepartment of Pediatrics Pennsylvania State University Medical Center Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA.
Dongxiao ZhuDepartment of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA.
Nirupama KannikeswaranDivision of Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Michigan Central Michigan University Detroit Michigan USA.
Kathleen MeertDivision of Critical Care Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Michigan Central Michigan University Detroit Michigan USA.
Wei ChenPopulation Science Department of Oncology Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit Michigan USA.
Rhea SullivanDepartment of Pediatrics Pennsylvania State University Medical Center Harrisburg Pennsylvania USA.
Srinivasan SureshDepartment of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.
Usha SethuramanDivision of Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Michigan Central Michigan University Detroit Michigan USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5183-0325

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may impact immune-related micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs). The role of salivary miRNAs as predictors of severe infection in children is unknown. This study sought to examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 severity and salivary miRNA levels in children. A convenience sample of 400 children with SARS-CoV-2 infection was prospectively evaluated between March 2021 and February 2022 at two U.S. children's hospitals. Saliva swabs were obtained. Levels of 3 miRNAs previously implicated in SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology were measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (miR-1273c, miR-296-5p, and miR-4495). The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of severe illness, including respiratory failure, shock, or death from a related cause within 1 month of evaluation. Disease resolution was determined through chart review and caretaker phone calls 4 weeks after the initial visit. Saliva samples from 395 (severe = 105) participants (mean age: 7.4 ± 5.9 years, 51.7% female, 54.7% African American) were analyzed. Children with severe outcomes had lower levels of miR-296-5p (fold difference: 0.361,

Identifiers

PMID42389505
PMCPMC13320816

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.