Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42388546›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

A Closed-Loop Quality Improvement Intervention to Enhance Diabetic Foot Risk Assessment Compliance at Atbara Teaching Hospital.

Waad Abdalazim Abdalwadod Gadora, Esra Abdalla, Mohammedomer Eltayeb, Saad Adam Abdallah Abakar, Hamdi Bashar Ahmed Ibrahim, Mustafa Sabir Abakar Awad, Amna Maawia Badawi Abdalla, Mohamed Elmuntasir Salah, Fatima Abdelwahab Ali Ahmed, Nemah Abdulhameed Ali Saleh Dejrah and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Waad Abdalazim Abdalwadod GadoraEmergency Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, SDN.
Esra AbdallaMedicine and Surgery, Bashair University Hospital, Khartoum, SDN.
Mohammedomer EltayebEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Saad Adam Abdallah AbakarMedicine, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, SDN.
Hamdi Bashar Ahmed IbrahimEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Mustafa Sabir Abakar AwadInternal Medicine, Sudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, SDN.
Amna Maawia Badawi AbdallaEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Mohamed Elmuntasir SalahMedicine, College of Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, SDN.
Fatima Abdelwahab Ali AhmedEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Nemah Abdulhameed Ali Saleh DejrahEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Malath Salih Younis BashiriEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Mohamed Haj HassanEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Rmmah Ali YahyeaEmergency Medicine, Port Sudan Teaching Hospital, Port Sudan, SDN.
Ahmed Kamal Ahmed HasaninEmergency Medicine, Atbara Teaching Hospital, Atbara, SDN.
Mohamed Osman Mohamed IdresMedicine and Surgery, Sudan International University, Khartoum, SDN.
Abdelrahman SahnonSurgery, Royal College of Surgeons, London, GBR.
Wadah Mohamed Hussein MohamedInternal Medicine, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, IRL.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and objective Diabetic foot complications are a major cause of morbidity and preventable lower limb amputation among patients with diabetes mellitus. Despite clear international guidelines recommending routine structured foot risk assessment, adherence in hospital settings remains inconsistent. The objective of this study was to evaluate baseline compliance with diabetic foot risk assessment documentation and determine the impact of implementing a structured assessment tool and targeted staff education. Methods A closed-loop quality improvement project was conducted at Atbara Teaching Hospital. The first audit cycle (August 2025) included 50 hospitalized adult patients with diabetes mellitus. Following baseline assessment, a standardized diabetic foot risk assessment checklist was introduced with staff orientation and workflow integration over a two-month intervention period. A second prospective audit cycle (November to December 2025) assessed 50 consecutive patients using identical criteria. Compliance with guideline-recommended assessment components was compared between cycles using chi-square testing. Results Baseline documentation of key risk assessment components was low, particularly for neuropathy (8; 16%), peripheral arterial disease (3; 6%), and risk stratification (0; 0%). Following intervention, compliance improved significantly across all clinical domains, reaching 50 (100%) for neuropathy assessment, vascular assessment, risk score calculation, and follow-up planning (p < 0.001). Documentation of patient identifiers showed minimal change, except for file number recording, which declined significantly from 45 (90%) to 28 (56%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions Implementation of a structured assessment tool combined with targeted education significantly improved compliance with diabetic foot risk assessment standards. Structured quality improvement strategies represent an effective approach to bridging gaps between guideline recommendations and routine clinical practice.

Indexed as

clinical auditdiabetic foothospital documentationneuropathy screeningperipheral arterial diseasequality improvementrisk assessment

Identifiers

PMID42388546
PMCPMC13318483

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.