Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42387639›Full record

ArticleAddiction science & clinical practice2026

"It's so much easier for them to just come to us": a qualitative study examining the implementation of mobile methadone treatment serving a residential SUD treatment program.

David Frank, Samantha J Harris, Minna Song, Megan Miller, Kristianny Ruelas-Vargas, Allison O'Rourke, Ashly E Jordan, Brendan Saloner, Noa Krawczyk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addiction science & clinical practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

David FrankDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA. def281@nyu.edu.
Samantha J HarrisDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Minna SongDepartment of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Megan MillerDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Kristianny Ruelas-VargasDepartment of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Allison O'RourkeDepartment of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Ashly E JordanNew York State Office of Addiction Services and Supports, 501 7th Avenue, New York, NY, 10018, USA.
Brendan SalonerDepartment of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Noa KrawczykCenter for Drug Use and HIV/HCV Research, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.

Funding

Implementation of Mobile Medication Units for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder in New York.R21DA058117 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SALONER, BRENDAN K · 2023 to 2024
$450k
NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA058117NIH R21DA058117-01A1NIH HHS R21DA058117-01A1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMethadone is a highly effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Yet its impact is constrained by low rates of treatment initiation and retention, driven in part by geographic inequalities in the availability of methadone-providing opioid treatment programs (OTPs) and restrictions on the types of clinical settings where methadone can be dispensed. In response, in July 2021, the Drug Enforcement Administration released a new rule allowing OTPs to dispense medications for OUD-including methadone-through mobile medication units (MMU) without the need for additional treatment waivers.

methodsWe conducted interviews with 11 participants living in a residential substance use treatment facility in NYC and receiving methadone treatment (MT) from an MMU. Interview data were coded using Dedoose software based on a combination of inductive and deductive coding strategies, and guided by a thematic approach to explore patient's treatment experiences and perceptions.

resultsParticipants described MMU as substantially reducing the logistical burden of treatment while also allowing patients to avoid problems associated with brick-and-mortar OTPs. Some raised minor complaints (i.e., additional waiting time on medication delivery days), yet participants framed these concerns within the context of their overall preference for MMU. Participants also expressed uncertainty about how methadone treatment would continue after leaving residential care, highlighting potential challenges in transitioning from mobile services to traditional clinic settings. DISCUSSION: Our findings provide qualitative evidence from patients' perspectives on how mobile methadone delivery can potentially reshape the logistical demands, treatment environments, and continuity-of-care challenges associated with methadone treatment in residential settings.

Indexed as

MethadoneMobile Health UnitsOpiate Substitution TreatmentOpioid-Related DisordersResidential TreatmentAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNew York CityQualitative ResearchSubstance Abuse Treatment CentersMethadoneFeasibility studiesMethadone maintenanceMobile medcation units (MMU)Mobile methadoneOpioid treatment programs (OTPs)Residential treatment programsRetention

Identifiers

PMID42387639
PMCPMC13602683

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.