ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2026
Baseline Neuroinflammation Stratifies TSPO-PET Response to Disease-Modifying Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Impact of Oral Cladribine on TSPO-PET-Measurable Immune Cell Activation in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate which baseline clinical and imaging characteristics best predict TSPO-PET-measurable reduction in glial activation following treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), to utilize this information for designing more efficient biomarker-based clinical trials targeting glial activation.
methodsThis study pooled data from 47 pwMS treated with various approved disease-modifying therapies and 18 untreated pwMS with TSPO-PET imaging before and after. Therapeutic response was quantified using [
resultsHigh baseline TSPO binding in the white matter (HOT-PET) was identified as the best predictor for reduction in glial activation following treatment in 6 of 14 (43%) PET variables. Internal validation confirmed that treated HOT-PET patients showed enhanced therapeutic response compared with non-HOT-PET patients in 9 of 14 (64%) PET variables. The percentage of active voxels in the white matter was the best PET variable at capturing a significant therapeutic effect, with a Cohen's d effect size of -0.779 (95% confidence interval -1.332; -0.207). In this cohort, enrichment for HOT-PET patients markedly reduced the sample size required to show a positive treatment effect.
interpretationHOT-PET patients are more likely to benefit from neuroinflammation-targeting treatments compared to non-HOT-PET patients. Accordingly, enriching trial cohorts for individuals with greater neuroinflammatory burden could improve statistical power and reduce the required number of participants in trials targeting harmful glial activation in MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.