Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42386923›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2026

Base editing-derived models of human WDR34 and WDR60 disease alleles replicate retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) and hedgehog signaling defects.

Dinu Antony, Elif Yilmaz Güleç, Anna Klawonn, Zeineb Bakey, Isabel Schüle, Gwang-Jin Kim, Toni Cathomen, Ilona Skatulla, Han G Brunner, Sebastian J Arnold and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Dinu AntonyCenter for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
Elif Yilmaz GüleçDepartment of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University Medical School, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Anna KlawonnCenter for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
Zeineb BakeyCenter for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
Isabel SchüleCenter for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
Gwang-Jin KimInstitute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology II, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
Toni CathomenInstitute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7757-4630
Ilona SkatullaCenter for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
Han G BrunnerGenome Research Division, Human Genetics Department, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9274-8865
Sebastian J ArnoldCIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Miriam SchmidtsCenter for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany. miriam.schmidts@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID 0000-0002-1714-6749

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 390939984Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 4319840004Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 499552394Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) SCHM 2644/2-1EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 716344
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytoplasmic Dynein-2 / IFT-dynein is the only known retrograde motor for intraflagellar transport. Dysfunction of the two intermediate dynein chains WDR34 and WDR60 causes Short Rib Thoracic Dystrophy (SRTD), a human skeletal chondrodysplasias with high lethality. However, individual protein functions are incompletely understood as complete loss of function of WDR34 or WDR60 is lethal in vertebrates and individuals with SRTD carry at least one putative hypomorphic missense allele. Gene knockout is therefore not suitable to study the effect of these human missense disease alleles. Therefore, using CRISPR single base editors, we recreate three different human disease missense alleles, including a novel WDR60 variant, p.Ala968Val identified in this study. Consistent with previous findings in the dynein-2 full loss of function models and patient fibroblasts, mutant cell lines show hedgehog signaling defects as well as disturbed retrograde IFT. Transcriptome analyses reveal differentially regulated expression of genes associated with various biological processes, including regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Further, we observe differential regulation of genes associated with Golgi intracellular transport. In addition to providing cellular model systems enabling investigations of the effect of human SRTD disease alleles, our findings indicate non-ciliary functions for WDR34 and WDR60 in addition to the established roles as components of the retrograde IFT motor complex in cilia.

Indexed as

Hedgehog ProteinsSignal TransductionAllelesAnimalsCarrier ProteinsCiliaHumansCarrier ProteinsHedgehog ProteinsWDR34 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID42386923
PMCPMC13328300

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.