ArticleNature communications2026
Changes in El Niño-Southern Oscillation and global frequency entrainment.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) periodicity governs the recurrence of its warm and cold phases, shaping the climate variability and the frequency of extremes, yet remains poorly constrained in climate model projections. Here we assess, using coordinated multi-model large-ensemble simulations, the forced modulation of ENSO periodicity from the last millennium to the future and its global imprint. ENSO periodicity tends to shorten under future warming, and this periodicity shift extends to tropical climate modes and propagates globally through teleconnections, a phenomenon we refer to as ENSO frequency entrainment. The frequency entrainment appears to be ubiquitous, evident in forced responses in last-millennium simulations and under nonstationary, nonmonotonic CO
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