ReviewAnnals of biomedical engineering2026
Immediate and Mid-Long-Term Effects of Foot Orthoses on Gait Biomechanics and Clinical Characteristics in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Review in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo systematically review and meta-analyze the literature evaluating the biomechanical and clinical efficacies of foot orthoses for medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (TF-OA).
methodsThrough using the PubMed and Scopus databases, the scientific manuscripts were identified, screened, and classified. Quality of the included articles was evaluated. Where possible, meta-analyses were performed on the peak knee adduction moment (KAM), knee adduction angular impulse (KAAI), pain, function scores, and gait speed. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Pooled standard mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using a fixed-effects model; when substantial heterogeneity was detected (I
resultsNinety-two original research articles were included, and categorized into Lateral Wedge Insoles (LWI), Variable Stiffness Shoes (VSS), Hybrid (LWI + VSS), AposTherapy, Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AFOs), and Others groups. Only LWIs with moderate inclinations (5-10°) showed significant small-to-moderate reductions in the 1
conclusionLWIs with moderate inclinations may be most effective for medial TF-OA. More studies are needed to clarify the effects of AposTherapy shoes, AFOs, and VSSs. Adaptation training with newly prescribed orthoses may enhance biomechanical and clinical outcomes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420251240304.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.