ArticleAutism in adulthood2026
Patterns of Gaze Behavior During Live Interactions in Adults and Adolescents with Autism or High Autistic Traits: A Systematic Review.
Article in Autism in adulthood, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Callous-Unemotional Traits and Their Association with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from Gaze Behaviour During Emotion Recognition.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Differences in social gaze are part of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum condition (ASC), but most studies examining gaze in individuals with autism or high autistic traits use computerized methods that bear little resemblance to authentic conversations. Progress in eye tracking now allows the use of live interaction paradigms. We report a systematic review of this emerging literature. Methods: Using a combination of academic search engines (Google Scholar, OVID, Connected Papers) and backwards citation searches, we identified fourteen studies that explored social gaze in adults and adolescents with autistic traits or an ASC diagnosis, using a live or believed-to-be-live interaction and modern eye-tracking technology. Results: Studies showed mixed results: when gaze is localized to broad regions (face, body, and background), patterns appear similar in all participants. However, when gaze is localized to precise regions (eyes, mouth, and nose) more group differences exist. Specifically, gaze to the eyes seems somewhat consistently reduced in individuals with autism or autistic traits. However, these participants appear to modulate their gaze according to contextual factors, similar to typically developing individuals (e.g., looking less toward the face when speaking than listening). Conclusion: We discuss these results in relation to two dominant theories of autism: low social motivation and aversion to the eyes. The finding that individuals with autism or autistic traits seem to specifically avoid the eyes but show facial orienting and gaze modulation similar to typically developing individuals lends supplemental support to aversive rather than motivational theories of ASC. Community Brief:
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