ArticleAddictive behaviors reports2026
You are doubly excluded: the interplay of cyberostracism and perceived parental phubbing in predicting problematic smartphone use.
Article in Addictive behaviors reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Problematic smartphone use (PSU) poses increasing risks to young adults' psychological well-being and daily functioning. While offline social exclusion has been linked to maladaptive behaviors, the effects of cyberostracism-online forms of exclusion-and the mediating role of parental behaviors remain underexplored. Guided by the Need-Threat Model of Ostracism and the Rejection Sensitivity Model, the present study examined whether perceived parental phubbing mediates the relationship between distinct forms of cyberostracism and PSU among Iranian young adults. A total of 428 participants (303 females, 125 males; mean age = 28.03 years, SD = 8.67) completed validated self-report measures assessing cyberostracism (direct, indirect, and ignored), perceived parental phubbing, and PSU. Structural equation modeling was used to test direct and indirect pathways. Results indicated that cyber indirect exclusion was directly associated with higher PSU, whereas the association between direct exclusion and PSU was mediated by increased perceptions of parental phubbing. Cyber-ignoring was not significantly associated with PSU. These findings suggest that the psychological correlates of social media-based exclusion on smartphone use vary according to the type of exclusion, with perceived parental phubbing serving as a key process through which explicit online exclusion is associated with maladaptive smartphone engagement. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of integrating social media exclusion experiences with family-level digital behaviors into theoretical models and targeted interventions aimed at reducing PSU.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.